What is quantum physics and how is it used?

(Lansing State Journal, Aug. 19, 1992)

Quantum physics deals with the smallest objects known. It is a set of theories that describe the interactions between objects such as electrons and protons, what makes up these objects and how they influence each other. It describes such things as how the atom works, how light is created and why some materials are superconducting and others are not. Two of its main principles:

1. Small particles behave as if they were waves
2. Therefore, the physics of waves places restrictions on what particles can do or be.

For instance, there is a restrictions on the energy that a particle can have. An atom might have an energy of 1 unit or 2 units, it cannot have an energy of 2.5 units or anything else between 1 and 2. This is the origin of the word "quantum."

Beginning only 85 years ago, the study and development of quantum physics has led to many discoveries, among them are:

1. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
2. The laser, used for everything from playing a CD to surgery.

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